Sociological Speculation through Theory - 1605 Words

A) Socialist feminism argues that both men and women – may also believe that economic and emotional dependence go hand in hand. Fearful of the loss of economic security, a husband’s power over his wife is absolute. An example of this characteristic from the socialist branch can be seen in my own personal life. When I was growing up, I experienced how my father would completely disregard my mother and her duties serving the household and the family, as she was a stay-at-home mom and my father worked and got paid for his labor. Her domestic work was trivialized as my father felt that he was doing â€Å"real† work. Because of this, my mother was quite submissive towards my father’s behavior because she felt that she needed him for financial security and that she could not be capable of anything without him. B) Liberal feminists believe society does not have to be completely restructured to achieve empowerment for women and to incorporate women into meaningful and equitable roles. An example of this characteristic from the liberal branch is seen in the political system in the United States. It is harder for women to advance in politics due to the fact that it is a realm that has been dominated by men for a long period of time. In today’s day and age, we see more female politicians coming to the forefront, and are dissolving the notion that politics only involves men by showing that they too are knowledgeable and interested in the political processes. This demonstrates liberalShow MoreRelatedDeviance : Deviance And Deviance1292 Words   |  6 Pagessignificantly more than simply basic non-similarity; it is conduct that hauls out fundamentally from social desires. The sociological meaning of deviance puts accentuation on social connection, not ones conduct. Sociologists view abnormality as far as procedures inside of a gathering, judgements and definitions, not generally as curious individual acts. The sociological meaning of deviance perceives that not every conduct is judged also as with all gatherings. What is degenerate to a sure groupRead MoreSociological Perspectives On The Sociological Perspective1178 Words   |  5 PagesThe Sociological Perspective is a behavior that connects one with society. As written in the textbook Society the Basics, sociological perspective is also defined as â€Å"seeing the general in the particular† (Berger, 1963). A major part of being a sociologist is finding patterns in everyday life. As an ordinary person, finding patterns is almost a natural instinct. Every individual falls into a category, whether how unique they claim to be. Individuals can be categorized by race, class, sexual orientationRead MoreHistorical Roots Of The 20th Century1329 Words   |  6 PagesSociological roots can be traced back in the works of thinkers like Plato, Aristotle, and Confucius. However, according to ‘classical origins’, it emerged in the early 19th century as a reaction to the challenges of modern society. Growing, belief in science, mobility and technical development brought crucial changes in the way people saw life, such as the collapse of traditional norms and loss of religion authority. Social scientists and thinkers of that time reacted to these changes and tried toRead MoreMax Weber s Influence On Sociology2165 Words   |  9 Pagesculture has moved from a spiritualist or conventional introduction to a more reasonable introduction. Defense is the procedure of supplanting customary and passionate thought with reason and reasonableness. Weber trusted that most social orders all through history were represented by custom and that the most critical pattern in cutting edge human science is an expanding legitimization of all aspects of our day by day lives. The ascent of exploratory study, the advancement of private enterprise, andRead MoreAnalysis Of Raffaele Garofalo s The Father Of Criminology865 Words    |  4 Pagesthe precept of unrestrained choice which was the fundamental principle of the Classical School, and upheld the position that wrongdoing can be seen just on the off chance that it is examined by experimental strategies. He endeavored to detail a sociological meaning of wrongdoing that would assign those demonstrations which can be subdued by discipline. These constituted Normal Crime and were considered offenses disregarding the two essential unselfish opinions regular to all individuals, to be specificRead MoreDeveloping A High National Debt1522 Words   |  7 Pagestraditionally seen through policies and laws made by politicians. Economically speaking, in the United States, the government plays an important role in preventing the domination of private business to regulate labor and wages by implementing safety nets such as minimum wage. In order to serve its purpose, the government must have money to pay for various programs, but if the government continuously accrues deficits on the budget they will build up a national debt. Economists have theories about how peopleRead MoreThe Important Effects of Theories, Systems, and Paradigms on Psychology543 Words   |  3 Pagesof the different levels and contexts of human thought and behavior that includes theories, systems, and paradigms. Theories, systems, and paradigms have had an important effect on psychology. A theory is a plausible or scientifically acceptable general principle or body of principles offered to explain phenomena. A theory can also be explained as an abstract thought or speculation. There are many different theories of abnormality and treatment. These approaches include the psychoanalytic, neo-FreudianRead MoreThe Surface Represents The Consciousness Essay1029 Words   |  5 Pagesconduct to a more prominent degree than people had suspected. Certainly, the objective of psychoanalysis is to make the unconscious conscious. His psychoanalytic theory of personality challenges that human conduct is the after effect of the associations among three segment parts of the brain which are the Id, ego and superego. This â€Å"structural theory† of personality has a large significance on how disagreements among the parts of the mind shape behaviour and personality. These disagreements are mostly unconsciousRead MoreSociological Perspectives On Race And Ethnicity1442 Words   |  6 Pagesethnicity can be seen through three noteworthy sociological viewpoints: functionalism, conflict theory, and symbolic interactionism. Every point of view offers its own particular key to comprehension, and nobody viewpoint is accepted completely adequate all alone; rather, every one gives a vital method for seeing part of the social procedure. Together they give capable knowledge and various methodologies for comprehension social marvels. Functionalism is the most particularly sociological of the hypotheticalRead MoreAnalysis Of Patricia Hill Collins s Life1133 Words   |  5 Pagesas president of the American Sociological Association or ASA and was the first African American lady in this position. She likewise has a discriminatingly acclaimed book called Dark Feminist Thought: Knowledge Consciousness, and the Power of Empowerment. It is taught in excess of 200 colleges across the nation. She is most known for her hypothesis of intersectionality and the matrix of domination. Intersectional Theory is not as unpredictable as most speculations that we have taken a gander at

Streaming And The Future Of The Music Industry - 2278 Words

Streaming The Future of The Music Industry The dawn of the internet brought forth a revolution that, by now, has seeped its way in the the very fibers of almost every human experience. Education has changed. Communication has changed. Entertainment has changed. Business has changed. Entire industries have been built, and destroyed, by the information age. The music industry, in particular, has felt both. With precursors of the Compact Disc (CD) and digital music formats, Shawn Fanning single handedly eviscerated the music industry. Napster, his peer to peer mass file sharing service, is what landed the fatal blow, and the industry has been bleeding out since. Many have tried to sew this wound shut. Most prominently Apple, with their†¦show more content†¦Streaming has obvious limitations though. Access to the network that sends the information is required. This is usually achieved by a connection to the internet. The strength of the connection drastically affects the quality of the stream. This entire process can be understood through viewing a video on YouTube, arguably the most popular video streaming service of all time. YouTube hosts a video that is saved to its server through its website. To view it, you must connect to the YouTube website through the internet. There you can view the video without having to download and store it on your device. This idea is similar to that of radio and television broadcasting where streaming uses the internet as its medium for travel instead of radio or electromagnetic waves. Most would associate the beginnings of media streaming with the back half of the 2000s, which is when it first amassed global popularity. Surprisingly, the idea to stream media through the internet had been floating around computer and entertainment industries since the 1990s. Even the current model for subscription based music streaming services had been presented previously. MusicNet was the brainchild of RealNetworks and the major record labels. It was theirShow MoreRelatedState Of The Current Music Industry1659 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction - State of the Current Music Industry 3 The Music Streaming Industry 6 Porter’s 5 Forces Analysis 10 The Way forward for Deezer 10 References 12 â€Æ' Table of Figures Figure 1 Share of Industry Revenues (IFPI, 2015) 3 Figure 2 Global Digital revenues by Sector (IFPI, 2015) 4 Figure 3 Flow chart showing the change in the way music is distributed with the entrance of new actors such as streaming services (Oestricher Kuzma, 2009) 6 Figure 4 digital Music industry Value Chain showing 7 FigureRead MoreMusic Networking : The Impact Of Music And Music Websites1257 Words   |  6 PagesOne of the larger aspects of most up and coming musicians careers is having enough money to produce more music for their fans. And, although music streaming sites such as Spotify and Pandora do pay artists when people listen to their songs, the payout is often not worth the effort. When I say the amount paid per stream of a song is low, I mean it is low (McIntyre). These low payments are what is slowly devaluing the effort of small-time artists that want to find success but just cannot seemRead MoreIntroduction. It Is Almost Impossible To Go Through A Day1514 Words   |  7 Pageslistening to some kind of music, whether it’s at work or in public music is all around us. In the short time music listening has been around it has changed so much. We have gone from purchasing records to paying for a subscription that supplies with all our music needs in volumes we have never been a ble to do before. The evolution of music listening has shown the most change just within the past 15 years or so. Millennials grew up with CD players, iPods, smartphones, and music purchasing sites like NapsterRead MoreThe And Music Streaming Services Industry Background1411 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Spotify and Music Streaming Services Industry Background Audio streaming services are transforming the way music is consumed; from artist interaction to size and revenue potential. This change is inevitable, and could spell the end of physical music sales. They legally allow user access to millions of tracks from any online platform. The service is probably viewed as a revolutionized of music industry. According to recent report in April 2015 by The International Federation of theRead MoreThe Impact On The Music Industry1240 Words   |  5 PagesStreaming Sights Profit, While Creators Barely Get By Music streaming sites, such as Pandora and Spotify, have a negative impact on the music industry as a whole. Streaming affects more than just the music business itself, it astronomically decreases industry revenues, steals from and devalues the worth of the creators and their content, and is run from a poor business model that is only profitable for streaming companies. Not only do streaming sites directly disturb the music industry as a wholeRead MoreHow Technology Has Impacted Our Society1403 Words   |  6 Pagesintegrated itself into every aspect of our world. Music has now become a place for the facilitation of experiences through technology in our society. However, the monetization of music through technology has created a far more difficult experience for the fans of music in all genres. In reference to technology, the term streaming is defined as â€Å"playing continuously as data is sent to a computer over the Internet†, (Webster). The internet and its streaming capabilities is an amazing tool used to connectRead MoreApple, Inc., The Electronics And Beats Music1263 Words   |  6 PagesApple acquires Beats. Apple, Inc., the electronics giant, has acquired Beats Music and Beats Electronics, the headphones giant, for $3.2 billion. Apple has enough money to buy or build any company they want to from ground up. So, why did Apple acq uire Beats Electronics and Beats Music? According to NBC News, Apple CEO Tim Cook told Re/Code that the company could build about anything that you could dream of, adding that acquiring Beats would give them a head start and add kindred spiritsRead MoreAnalysis Of The Recording Industry For Apple1496 Words   |  6 PagesMusic industry professionals and Record Artists are creating opportunities for Apple that will accelerate sales and revenue for the iTunes platform. Recording artists are releasing exclusive albums on a single platform, as a method to increase album sales and sales for the platform. In 2013, U.S. recording artist Beyonce released her fifth studio album on the iTunes platform. The album was offered as a cohesive body of work with every song and video was made available with one single purchase ofRead MoreEssay On Music Business Practices1744 Words   |  7 PagesEffective Music Business Practices The future of the music industry is currently undetermined as the technological development brought significant changes to the traditional music business environment and consequently the new music business practices are to be developed. The Australian music market is one of the largest in the world, being the sixth largest market in terms of revenues and the seventh in the digital sales (Music Australia, 2017). Live performance plays the important role in the music sectorRead MoreThe Digital Transformation Of Communication, Information And Entertainment Media Essay1369 Words   |  6 Pagescommunication, information and entertainment media, including music (Giddings, 2). The way music is produced, distributed and consumed or listened to has developed due to new media, digital technologies.This essay will examine in depth the streaming service, Spotify through breaking down the various, both positive and negative effects that it has on the music industry. Overall, this essay will di scuss the idea that however convenient streaming on Spotify may be for it’s users it inevitably has a number

Information Technology and Recent Changes in Work Organization

Questions: 1. Scope management plan( including Requirements, In scope-out scope items, Deliverables and scope verification process) to direct your efforts. 2. WBS first using either the free-form or the org chart format. 3. Gantt chart-Take the WBS you have already developed.Define all of the activities that will be necessary to create each deliverable in your WBS.Create a schedule for your project.First create the schedule by hand using Post-it Notes, and then put the information into MS Project.Take screenshots of the schedule to be pasted ni your word document that you are submitting. Be sure to include all of the summary rows (including the first row for the project title) and any key milestones.Make sure the critical path is easy to see. 4. Create a time-phased budget for your example project using bottom-up estimating.To the extent your sponsor will supply rates for workers, use those.Approximate rates for ones you cannot get.Ask your sponsor how they treat indirect costs.Be sure to include direct labour costs for you and your team mates and add 20% for fringe.State all assumptions and constraints you have used when creating your budget.State how confident you are in your estimates and what would make you more confident.Give examples of known knowns and known unknowns on your project.Tell how you have budgeted for both of them plus how you have budgeted for unknown unknowns. Answers: Introduction: The objective of the Grand Wines Ltd. Company is to transform the business tactics of Grand Wines Enterprise from manual to automatic system. The current working tactics of the organization is facing problem of dissatisfaction, loss of stock, delay in delivery of the product, inaccuracy, and many others. The transformation of working practice is needed for the betterment of company. The Grand Wines is looking forward to change its working tactics so that it can remain ahead of its competitors in gaining accuracy in collecting orders from the customers, speed of delivery of products, knowing about current details of availability of ordered stock, and bring satisfaction in customers and employers. The Stakeholders of the project are the persons who are keen interested in the outcome of installing the new automatic system, performance of the project, and the requirement of developing strategy for the organization to meet the changing requirements. The primary stakeholders are categorise d as owners, customers, sponsors, designers, project leader, project manager, and contractors (Johnsons, 2015). The persons who are involved in the sub-contracting and supply chain process are come under the category of secondary stakeholders. In the current working system of Grand wines enterprise, the information between customers and the organization is shared through email and fax but now the company wants to change its working tactics with the installation of wireless data entry devices which provides direct communication between customers and the central database server located at Sidney. The purpose of the communication is gaining accuracy in collecting orders from the customers, speed of delivery of products, knowing about current details of availability of ordered stock, and brings satisfaction in customers and employers. For the success of the new project, the key step for the project manager is to overcome the hindrance which takes place with the changing objectives. It i s better to remain proactive than reactive. The employees should understand that it is the desired requirement of the organization to remain ahead of their competitors (Kraus, 2013). The agenda of the meeting is to divide the roles and responsibilities of the employees, to make aware about the new technology which is going to be placed within the organization, training and development programs needed, and many others. In scope Activities Out of Scope activities Assumption Acceptance Criteria New customer can join if the current system changes with the Automatic portal. Increasing Local and overseas demand of the product New path for government regulations Leads to increase in the profit of the organization. Accurate information about availability of stock may leads to increase in delivery speed (Joe, 2014) New entrance in the local market Current market competition No entry of sale in the database may result in wrong profit details at the end of the financial year Security issues may be the concern The Grand Wines is looking forward to change its working tactics so that it can remain ahead of its competitors in gaining accuracy in collecting orders from the customers, speed of delivery of products, knowing about current details of availability of ordered stock, and bring satisfaction in customers and employers. No requirement of physical meeting for gathering information. No new employees should be recruited for working on the new system Large, active, knowledgeable sales team and possess the expertise in Automatic working tactics The success of the project depends on the capability of the new and automatic system such as delivery of the product without any delay, latest update of inventory position, no loss of orders due to human errors, and to overcome the dissatisfaction in employees. These criteria help in resolving the problems faced by the organization by making use of current system (Vaughan, 2011). Work Breakdown Structure: The work breakdown structure for the Grand wines organization in divided into four modules which are categorised as planning, analysis, design, and implementation. Every module is equipped with sub-activities (Gagnon, 2012). Planning module is having creation of committee, goals, and strategies. The analysis module is concentrate on analysis of the current system and changes required in the new system. The design module focuses on development of business module, customer module, and employees module (Mirwis, 2011). Implementation phase focuses on parallel running and pilot running of wireless data entry system. Particulars Budget (AWD) Hardware 20000 Software 15000 Installation 8000 Testing 12000 Miscellaneous 5000 Total Budget 60000 Risk Register: Risk Register Explanation Unproved Technology of wireless data entry system The employees are not able to use all function of the system to its full extent Defects encountered in System The new system does not work properly due to having some defects in it Inefficiency encountered in technology The new system is inefficient in resolving all the problems of manual system Grad wines enterprise Compatibility of Hardware and software used The new devices and software are not compatible with the traditional resources of the company. Inefficient documentation The actual working of the system is totally different from the documentation Incapable employees Employees are not capable of learning new working environment with the implementation of Wireless data entry system. Conclusion: The transformation of working practice is needed for the betterment of company. For the success of the new project, the key step for the project manager is to overcome the hindrance which takes place with the changing objectives. It is better to remain proactive than reactive (Bresnahan, 2015). References: Johnsons, S. (2015). How are working requirements and environment evolving and what will be the impact on individual.(1st ed.). Retrieved from https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/461437/gs-15-25-future-ageing-work-environments-er18.pdf Kraus, W. (2013).Implementing New technology(1st ed.). Retrieved from https://hbr.org/1985/11/implementing-new-technology Bresnahan, T. (2015).Information technology and recent changes in work organization (1st ed.). Retrieved from https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.521.2458rep=rep1type=pdf Gagnon, Y. (2012).The impact of technology on organization performance (1st ed.). Retrieved from https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/1047/01aa8d4f0630147eb212af09cc7198b8f466.pdf Mirwis, P. (2011).The implementation and adoption of new technology in organization (1st ed.). Retrieved from https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/hrm.3930300107/abstract Vaughan, P. (2011). System implementation success factors (1st ed.). Retrieved from https://net.educause.edu/ir/library/pdf/cmr0122.pdf Joe, A. (2014).Five trends that are dramatically changing work and workplaces (1st ed.). Retrieved from https://rdi-sf.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/WP_FiveTrends.pdf

Sikhism Essays (1445 words) - Punjab, Sikhism, Panentheism

Sikhism Sikhism is a Religion of uniqueness. It has beliefs from two other religions; Hinduism and Islam (Borak 53). This religion is very scarce in the United States. The main area for Sikhs is in the Northwest India (Borak 53). I had never heard of this religion before, so that is the main reason why I chose to study this religion. I have found it very interesting and different. The Sikhs have many unique qualities. Sikhism dates back to a long time ago. Making it more modern, it was introduced near the closing of the 15th Century (Borak 53). Guru Nanak Dev originated it, now making it a minority group. The Sikhs are found generally around northwest India, or Punjab, but can also be found anywhere in the world (Borak 53). Sikhism has a very rare formation. This religion is a mixture of two other religions, known as Hinduism and Islam. This joining together is known as syncretism (Hopfe 188). The Hindus and Islams began to mix and some thought of joining the two together. Not everyone agreed so they decided to make a new religion with practices from both religions while still keeping Hinduism and Islam separate religions (Borak 54). From the Hindus, the reincarnation of Jesus was put into practice for this newly accepted religion and also they kept "The True Name" sacred because He can do anything. One true God is used also as a practice, coming from the Islam beliefs (Hopfe 188). Its originality helps make this religion special in its own unique way. The Sikhs have many of their own beliefs but also the ones coming from Hinduism and Islam. The opening lines in their Holy Book, or Guru Granith Sahib, state "There is one supreme eternal reality; the truth; immanent in all things; creator of all things; immanent in creation. With out fear and without hatred; not subject to time; beyond birth and death; self revealing"(Philosophy). This statement summarizes their basic teachings, also adding equality to their beliefs (Hopfe 198). They believe every human is of the same sex even though chastity is not allowed. Women are equal to all men. Sikhs do not believe in burning women, women wearing veils, or marriages to widows. There is no separation by creed, color, race, or sex (Philosophy). All people are equal. Sikhs believe to worship in temples known as Gurdwaras, also meaning Gateway to the Guru. Daily attachment to God helps you become closer to Him, believes Narm Marg (Philosophy). Also, faith grows within the community while worshipping at the Gurdwaras.(Richards, 198) Serving others is their center of worship (Richards 198). Among the Sikhs are three other religions, The Udasis, Sahajdharis, and the Singhs. The Udasis is an order of Holy Men who follow the same practices as Buddhist, Hindus, and Jainism. They are celibate and wear a yellow coarse garment like Buddhist monks or go naked like Jain monks. They have one possession, a begging bowl and they are also poorly shaven (Hopfe 180). On the other hand, Sahajdaris are very reasonable and very clean- people. They reject the militancy of the Sikhs (Hopfe 192). The Singhs are just a break off of the Sikhs. Sikhs believe in God but they worship by Gurus (Richards 198). Guru means leader (Hopfe 189). They also believe in Guru Granith Sahib and other writing by the ten Gurus. They do not believe in any other religion, though (Richards 198). God is the creator, maintainer, and distructer who can not take human form (Philosophy). He appears only in spirit by believing and can not appear in human (Richards 198). Their five cardinal vices are Kam, or lust, Krodah, or anger, Lobh, or greed, Moh, or wordly attachment, and Ahankar, or pride (Philosophy). Some of their beliefs and vices are the same as Catholics. Sikhism doesn't really have any hierarchy that I could find but they do have certain positions. There are ten Gurus who would serve as our priest do, but now they worship what the Gurus taught and by the Scripture (Hopfe 189). Gurus were the leaders. (See pages seven for a listing of the ten Gurus.) Their first Guru who was chosen April 5, 1469, the day Sikhism formed was Guru Nanak, and the last Guru was Gobind Singh Dev from 1666 to 1708 when he died(Guru Nanak Dev). I did not find out why there are not any more Gurus. Gurus are the down face of the heavenly who provide leadership for humans (Philosophy). They still do have anniversaries for the Gurus which

There once was a day when politics

There once was a day when politics was about quick witted men speaking directly to the constituency. The Last Hurrah by Edwin OConnor is about the end of those days in Boston. The mayor of Boston is running for one last term as mayor. This is the tale of that race and of Frank Skeffingtons life in politics. OConnor uses comic relief through out the book to tell an entertaining story of how American politics really operated. Frank Skeffington is a seventy-two year old man and a veteran in politics. He is now the mayor of Boston and was governor for two terms in a row. Because he held office as governor, many people still refer to him as governor. He is a devote Irish Catholic whos wife had an early demise, and so he was left with a son and daughter. He does not have a good relationship with his children because his life is consumed with politics. He is an average man who spends his spare time reading poetry. He built his political life upon personal contact; he is well respected and has an irresistible charm. Skeffington is an orthodox democrat who loved to win, but he loved the fight to win more. Some say Skeffington is financially corrupt and becomes morally corrupt in his pursuit of power. Skeffington was not going to run in the election but changed his mind. At first he said it was because he wanted to, but then later explained it was because he felt there was not any good candid! ates and he did not want to leave the city in the hands of a weak mayor. Kevin McCluskey is young, vibrant lawyer who decides to run for mayor. He is also an Irish Catholic democrat who everyone seems to like. He is a good man who does not drink or smoke and spends every morning in church. In a television broadcast, there was a picture of the Pope in the background. As a lawyer, he did not win many cases. McCluskey is very family-oriented and he brings his family along on a...

A Short Summary of the Persian Wars

A Short Summary of the Persian Wars The term Greco-Persian Wars is thought to be less biased against the Persians than the more common name Persian Wars, but most of our information about the wars comes from the winners, the Greek side. Greek historian Peter Green characterizes it as a David and Goliath struggle with David holding out for political and intellectual liberty against the monolithic theocratic Persian war machine. It wasnt just Greeks against Persians, nor were all the Greeks on the Greek side. Conflict began before the usual start date of the Persian Wars; however, for practical purposes, the term Greco-Persian Wars covers the invasions of Greece by two Achaemenid Persian kings from about 492 B.C. to 449/448 B.C. Earlier than the (mostly failed) attempts by the Persian kings Darius and Xerxes to control Greece, Persian King Cambyses had extended the Persian Empire around the Mediterranean coast by absorbing Greek colonies. Some Greek poleis (Thessaly, Boeotia, Thebes, and Macedonia) joined Persia, as did other non-Greeks, including Phoenicia and Egypt, but many Greek poleis, under the leadership of Sparta, especially on land, and under the dominance of Athens, at sea, opposed the Persian forces. Before their invasion of Greece, Persians had been facing revolts within their own territory. During the Persian Wars, revolts within Persian territories continued. When Egypt revolted, the Greeks helped them. Summary Locations:  Various. Especially Greece, Thrace, Macedonia,  Asia MinorDates:  c. 492-449/8 B.C.Winner:  GreeceLoser:  Persia (under kings  Darius  and  Xerxes) When Were the Greco-Persian Wars? The Persian Wars are usually dated 492-449/448 B.C. However, conflict started between the Greek poleis in Ionia and the Persian Empire before 499 B.C. There were two mainland invasions of Greece, in 490 (under King Darius) and 480-479 B.C. (under King Xerxes). The Persian Wars ended with the Peace of Callias of 449, but by this time, and as a result of actions taken in Persian War battles, Athens had developed her own empire. Conflict mounted between the Athenians and the allies of Sparta. This conflict would lead to the Peloponnesian War during which the Persians opened their deep pockets to the Spartans. Medize Thucydides (3.61-67) says the Plataeans were the only Boeotians  who did not Medize. To Medize was to submit to the Persian king as overlord. The Greeks referred to the Persian forces collectively as Medes, not distinguishing Medes from Persians. Likewise, we today dont distinguish among the Greeks (Hellenes), but the Hellenes were not a united force before the Persian invasions. Individual poleis could make their own political decisions. Panhellenism (united Greeks) became important during the Persian Wars. Next, when the barbarian invaded Hellas, they say that they were the only Boeotians who did not Medize; and this is where they most glorify themselves and abuse us. We say that if they did not Medize, it was because the Athenians did not do so either; just as afterwards when the Athenians attacked the Hellenes they, the Plataeans, were again the only Boeotians who Atticized. ~Thucydides Individual Battles During the Persian Wars 1st NaxosSardisEphesusLade2nd NaxosEretriaMarathonThermopylaeArtemisiumSalamisPotideaOlynthusPlataeaMycaleSestusByzantiumEionDoriskosEurymedonProsopitisSalamis and Cyprus End of the War The final battle of the war had led to the death of the Athenian leader Cimon and the defeat of the Persian forces in the area, but it didnt give decisive power in the Aegean to one side or the other. The Persians and Athenians were both tired and after Persian overtures, Pericles sent Callias to the Persian capital of Susa for negotiations. According to Diodorus, the terms gave the Greek poleis in Ionia their autonomy and the Athenians agreed not to campaign against the Persian king. The treaty is known as the Peace of Callias. Historical Sources Herodotus is the principal source on the Persian Wars, from Croesus of Lydias conquest of the Ionian poleis to the fall off Sestus (479 B.C.).Thucydides provides some of the later material. There are also later historical writers, including Ephorus in the 4th century B.C., whose work is lost except for fragments, but was used byDiodorus Siculus, in the 1st century A.D. Supplementing these are Justin (under Augustus) in his Epitome of Pompeius Trogus,Plutarch (2nd century A.D.) Biographies andPausanias (2nd century A.D.) Geography. In addition to historical sources, there is Aeschylus play The Persians. Key Figures Greek MiltiadesThemistoclesEurybiadesLeonidasPausaniasCimonPericles Persian Darius IMardoniusDatisArtaphernesXerxesArtabazusMegabyzus There were later battles between Romans and Persians, and even another war that might be thought of as Greco-Persian, the Byzantine-Sassanid War, in the 6th and early 7th century A.D.

Digital Forensics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Digital Forensics - Essay Example It also articulates the legal requirements for the logs to be admissible and the requirements for the system administrator to be an expert witness. The paper further describes the requirements for one to qualify as an expert witness for testimony under the Daubert and the Frye tests. Digital Forensics, also called computer forensics, cyber forensics, security forensics or forensic analysis is the application of computer investigation and analysis techniques to gather proof or evidence appropriate for presentation in a court of law. One can also define digital forensics as the practice of scientifically derived and verified techniques and tools to preserve, collect, validate, identify, analyze, interpret, document and present â€Å"after-the-fact† digital information derived from digital sources in order to facilitate or further the rebuilding of events as forensic evidence (Willassen & Mjolsnes, 2005). While traditional evidence includes any concrete information like audio-visual documents, paper documents or scientific evidence such as DNA, which investigators use in trials, electronic evidence is any kind of information acquired by means of a device or any other digital medium that investigators can utilize to prove the certainty of a fact during a trial. According to Cybex digital collection company, majority of jurists including prosecutors, lawyers, judges, notaries and members of Judiciary Council hold onto the view that the validity of electronic evidence is corresponding to traditional evidence in trial. The aim of digital forensics is to perform an ordered investigation while upholding a documented series of evidence to detect precisely what happened on the scene of crime and who was accountable for it. Within the requirements and interpretation of law, digital forensics must have its basis on the science of Information and Communication Technology (ICT). Before gathering any evidence, the suitable authorities

Financial Statements Analysis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Financial Statements Analysis - Research Paper Example Financial ratios enable to understand operating performance and financial condition of the company through profitability ratio, liquidity ratio, activity ratio, financial leverage ratio, and shareholders’ ratio. This assignment conducts a financial ratio analysis of two companies of Airline Industry; they are Lufthansa Airline (LH), and Emirates Airlines (EK). Financial ratios are evaluated using information from the income statement and balance sheet. These two documents are obtained from the websites (â€Å"Lufthansa Annual Report 2013†,n.d; â€Å"The Emirates Group Annual Report 2012-2013†). Financial ratios are evaluated for the years 2012, and 2013. Liquidity ratio measures short-term solvency – the ability of the company to meet its debt obligation. It is expressed through the financial ratios, such as Current ratio (CR) = Current assets / Current liabilities, and Quick ratio (QR) = (Cash + Marketable Securities + Receivables) / Current liabilities. It is expected that a company current assets will be higher than the current liability. The values of current ratios in Table 1 shows that Lufthansa can somehow cover its current obligation while Emirates has about 3 times current assets to cover its current liabilities. The quick ratio values show that LH is less liquid than EK; can only manage to repay less than 50% of its current liability using cash and cash equivalents. The industry average quick ratio is 0.4 (â€Å"Airline Industry†, n.d.); it shows that LH is on the line with the industry while EK is in a better position than most companies in the industry These ratios belong to the efficiency category; it shows how efficiently a company is using its assets. This assignment uses Inventory turnover (IT) = Cost of goods sold (COGS) / Inventory, Fixed asset turnover = Revenue / Fixed assets, Assets turnover = Revenue / Total asset, and Day’s sales outstanding (DSO) = 365 / Receivable turnover = 365 / (Revenue / Receivable) to

Chocolate Outline Essay Example for Free

Chocolate Outline Essay Specific Purpose: To inform my audience about the health benefits of chocolate Central Idea: Chocolate is one of the oldest treats around; that has some beneficial health factors to it. Introduction I. Attention-Getting a. When I was younger I would sneak a piece of dark chocolate in right before dinner†¦ Made me feel a little naughty! Of course my dad would always catch me and ask â€Å"where’s my piece? † and we’d eat it together. It was our little secret. How many of you have ever done this? To this day I still get that feeling! II. Credibility a. Chocolate has been my favorite ever since I was little and have enjoyed the different tastes, textures and health benefits behind it. III. Preview a. History of Chocolate b. Different Types of Chocolate c. Health Benefits of Chocolate Body I. History of Chocolate a. 1500 BC -400 BC Olmec Indians were first to from Cocoa Beans as Domestic Crop. Civilization only lasted 300 B. C. b. 600 AD Mayans migrate Central South America establish cocoa plantation c. 14th Century: Aztecs upper classes who usurped the Mayan drink taxed the beans drank chocolate drink, because it supposedly healed the soul. d. Aztecs restricted the drink to priests, nobles, kings, queens, officials and worriers. (showed of sign of higher class) e. 1502 Columbus entered Mayan trading channel and bring back cocoa beans to King Ferdinand ? (4th visit to New World) as it was over looked to the other treasures. f. 1519-1570 Heran Cortes a Spanish, went to Vera Cruz, Mexico and was mistaken for the god (the god who gave the Aztecs the cocoa beans and taught how to cultivate it) he conquered Aztec empire returned to King Charles V. g. Cortes kept Aztec tradition and heavily taxed the chocolate so only rich can afford it ? the chocolate drink was told to heal the soul and to keep you healthy from bad diseases. From then on chocolate became a profitable industry. II. Types of Chocolate a. White Chocolate: made of cocoa butter, sugar, milk, emulsifier, vanilla, and some other extras. No non-fat ingredients causing to have off-white shade. b. Dark Chocolate: high in cocoa solids-0% milk-12% c. Semi-Sweet Chocolate: the original dark chocolate, used for baking, 40-62 % cocoa solids, (diff is 35-45% cocoa solids) d. Bitter Sweet Chocolate: 35% cocoa solids, other varieties of it have 60-85% cocoa solids, high in cocoas, low in sugar. e. Milk Chocolate: 10% cocoa liquor/ butter/ sugar/ 12% milk, cream. III. Health Benefits of Chocolate a. California Academy of Science: Did studies on chocolate! i. Chocolate elevates your mood ii. Chocolate prevents/delays damage to cells tissues. Compounds from cacao plant (red wine, tea, fruits, and veg. ) had antioxidants that believe to prevent any damage to the body. b. USA TODAY: Reports Chocolate reduced your risk of heart attack and stroke. i. Dr. Oscar Franco’s research says chocolate reduced risk by 37 % and lowers risk of diabetes by 31% and stroke by 29% . Eat in Moderation. c. A study was done by West Virginia researcher Whelling Jesuit found that chocolate simulates the brain and can improve cognitive performance. IV. Health Risks of Chocolate a. According to the New York Times, Chocolate can disrupt sleep if you eat it right before bed-contains nine or more milligrams of caffeine. Chocolate is a stimulant and increases your heart rate. b. Can cause acne and obesity if not eating in moderation! Conclusion I. Review a. Now that your practically waiting to get your hand on chocolate- i. You’ve learned it’s sweet history. ii. The Different Types of Chocolate There Are iii. The Health Benefits Risks of Eating Chocolate II. Closing a. Dark Chocolate or Milk Chocolate b. What is your favorite kind of chocolate? Works Cited California Academy of Science. Terrence M. Gosliner, n. d. Web. 2013. . Facts About Chocolate. LaShelle, n. d. Web. 2013. . The Nibble. Ellen Cooper Edelman, n. d. Web. 2013. . OCONNOR, ANAHAD. Chocolate can be disruptive to sleep. The New York Times, sec. D: 5. LexisNexis Academic. Web. 2 Oct. 2013. . USA Today. Steven Reinberg, 29 Aug. 2011. Web.

A Portrait of Modern Life in Carnal Knowledge :: Carnal Knowledge Essays

A Portrait of Modern Life in Carnal Knowledge T. C. Boyle's "Carnal Knowledge" is a very funny, and at the same time truthful portrayal of some of the things which are going on in the world today. His description of the narrator and the way he thinks, as well as his portrayal of Alena Jorgensen, leaves the reader wondering if they have ever believed so strongly in something or acted the same way to help reach their goal. What makes this story so unique and is that takes place in our world, in a world were some people are "fond of Kentucky Fried Chicken or Chicken McNuggets" (245) and others "don't eat meat or fish or milk or cheese or eggs, and they didn't wear wool or leather or fur" (248). T. C. Boyle uses his sarcastic, yet at the same time believable, style to make the reader feel as if he was in the main character's shoes. The author guides the reader through the different stages of the character's evolution and shows how different aspects of society influence his thinking. In the end, the character concludes, just as I ha ve, that no matter what people say "it's only meat" (257). The story begins with the narrator being a man in his mid-thirties, with a stable job, and a normal life. The only thing missing in his life seems to be a female companion. He wants to find somebody he likes, understands and has something in common with, and he is sick of making the "acquaintance of a divorced computer programmer in her mid thirties with three kids and bad breath" (246) and her like. Thus when he meets Alena Jorgensen he becomes bewitched and begins to try to impress her, and establish common interests. He becomes almost totally submissive as their relationship grows and unconsciously begins to do things he never thought of or cared about doing before. T. C. Boyle shows this progression in the narrator's character by describing the character's changing behavior and aspirations. Thus he shows how a normal man with "twentieth century urban American sensibility" (Utley) becomes a radical activist for animal rights. "Something was happening to me I could feel it in the way the boards shifted under me, feel it with each beat of the surf and I was ready to go along with it." (249).

Are Curfews Fair to Juveniles Essay

Cities across the United States have imposed curfews on juveniles for many years. Teen curfew laws restrict the hours that juveniles may be on the streets or in public places at night (Sutphen and Ford). Some people consider curfews infringing on people’s constitutional rights. Curfews are hard to implement by law enforcement, and, in fact, take law enforcement away from more serious crimes. More crimes occur during daytime hours and more children are victimized in their homes than on the streets. Although curfews are made to protect our juveniles and to deter crime by juveniles, does imposing these curfews violate the juvenile’s civil rights and target the true underlying problems involved in enforcing these issues? People have a right to personal freedoms, including juveniles, but curfews take away some personal freedoms of juveniles. A 16-year-old en route to a fast-food restaurant is stopped and questioned five times, by five different police officers (Davidson). Even though this teen had no intension of any mischief, he or she was stopped five times. When a juvenile transitions from a child to an adult they are required to take on more responsibilities, curfews limit them as they make the transition into adulthood. This hinders the juvenile from making adult decisions. Youth curfews use the idea of childhood based on innocence/ignorance, passivity and dependence, in order to prevent young people from crossing the boundary into adulthood before society deems them ready (O’Neil). Most parents want the freedom to choose how to raise their children and what values they want to instill in their children. If the state leaves guidance in the hands of the parents, they can monitor their child’s development and gradually increase her liberty and responsibility by allowing her to experience new situations and to make choices as she develops into an adult (Assessing the Scope if Minors’ Fundamental Rights: Juvenile Curfews and the Constitution). Curfews stifle the personal freedoms of juveniles. The enforcement of curfews presents even more reasons to abolish curfews. It is hard for law enforcement to enforce curfews and curfew violations are not taken seriously. Juvenile curfews will not stop young people who are intent on committing crime, in part, because the penalties for a curfew violation are not that serious (O’Neil). There are also limited police officers to help with the enforcement of curfews. Because of the curfews, it takes the police away from more serious crime that are happening in cities across the United States. The enforcement of juvenile curfews is hard to put into effect, and there are limited police officers to enforce these curfews, which are often not even taken seriously. Crimes by juveniles occur more often during the day than at night. When either both parents work, or there is a single parent household, juveniles must come home from school alone. Since juveniles are left unsupervised, they sometimes commit crimes and these crimes usually occur during the day. Those opposed to curfews replied that most juvenile crimes occurred in daylight hours, that most children were not criminals, and that many legitimate nocturnal activities were being suppressed (Juvenile Curfews and the Major Confusion Over Minor Rights). Since most juvenile crimes occur during the day, why should a curfew be imposed on juveniles? One of the main reasons juvenile curfews were imposed, was to protect the juveniles from the dangers that could occur during the late hours of the night. Although many feel curfews protect juveniles from these dangers, many times that is not the case. Many juveniles are victimized in their own homes. Critics argue that because many juvenile crimes occur during the day and most juvenile victimization occurs at home, nighttime curfews fail to target the worst problems (Juvenile Curfews and the Major Confusion Over Minor Rights). Although juvenile curfews were put in place to protect children, the streets are not always the places where children are victimized. Most large cities in the United States impose juvenile curfews. Juveniles have rights to the personal freedoms their parents allow and the government needs to let the parents raise their children without interference. Because most juvenile crimes are committed during the day, and since curfews restrict night time activities, we should abolish these curfews. Curfews also take law enforcement officers away from more serious crimes. Curfews were made to protect juveniles and to deter juvenile crime, but since most juveniles are victimized at home and most juvenile crimes are committed during the day, curfews are ineffective and should be abolished.

How did Stalin come to power and stay there? Essay

Stalin came to power in 1929, after out-manoeuvring his opposition in the Communist Party through political scheming and taking advantage of the mistakes they made. He stayed in power by getting rid of his opponents in brutal and unfair ways. It took Stalin 5 years to become completely established as Lenin’s successor. Stalin started his climb to power when Lenin gave him the important job of requisitioning grain from Southern farmers in order to feed the North. As a reward for this, Lenin made him responsible for the Red Army in the South. This brought him in direct conflict with Trotsky. He was then given the position of General Secretary of the party. By taking on many important jobs he was able to create an important power base because he had many supporters who owed their position to him. Before Lenin died, he had to decide who would succeed him; the obvious two choices were Trotsky and Stalin. Although it was very close Lenin had wanted Trotsky to be the one, this was a major draw back for Stalin. No one really knew about this until after Lenin died. Lenin’s funeral was a good time for Stalin to be back at the top. Before the funeral he had told Trotsky, who was ill at the time, that it was on a different date to the time it really was. As Trotsky was out of the picture for a while, it meant Stalin could take the glory for organising the funeral and leading the mourning. When Trotsky arrived for what he thought was the date of the funeral, he was told that he had missed it and this put him out of favour with the people of Russia. When Lenin’s Testament was about to be released to the public, Zinoviev saved Stalin from losing his chance by saying that it was out of date and it was never made public. By this time Stalin was Head of the Control Commission, which meant he could purge and expel members who were unreliable and control party membership. He was also made the party’s Orgburo; this meant he ran its’ organisational matters. By this time, Trotsky was furious and in his anger he gave up his only symbol of power by resigning as Commissar of War. Trotsky seriously underestimated the threat that Stalin was to him until it was too late. He was arrogant and often offended other senior Party members and made little effort to build up support for himself in the ranks of the Party. Many people in the USSR were frightened of him because they were worried that he would involve the USSR in new wars. They were tired of war and revolution and Stalin seemed to understand the people’s feelings. Stalin was now in the spotlight; he joined the Rightists, attacked the leftists and forced them out, this left space that was filled immediately by Stalin’s supporters. He then turned on the Rightists, voted then out and filled these spaces with more of his supporters. By his 50th birthday in December 1929, Stalin was finally made Leader of the Soviet Union and Stalin’s supporters now filled most of the Politburo. Once Stalin was in power he found it easy to stay there, through harsh ways he defeated his opponents. As Stalin’s supporters now filled the Politburo, he now had a good relationship with the members, which meant he could make as many new policies as he wanted without having people oppose them. Stalin made new economic and social policies all of which were carried through. As part of his economic policies, Stalin decided to modernise the USSR as it was far behind any other country, technology wise. Stalin himself said, â€Å"We are 50 to 100 years behind the advanced countries.† To start with brought peasants in from the country to towns to work in newly built factories. He dedicated these factories to building artillery. He came up with 3 ‘Five Year Plans’ each of which were set up to enable the USSR to ‘Catch-Up’ with technology. The 1st FYP was dedicated to building new industrial cities from nothing and setting up steel mills in many places. The 2nd FYP was focused on the 1st but built upon it. Heavy industry was still a priority but other areas, such as mining for lead, tin, zinc and other minerals, transport and communications and railways and canals, were developed. The 3rd FYP was in 1938. Some factories were to switch to the production of consumer goods such as, cars, radios, clothing etc; however, this plan was disrupted by the Second World War and so was not completed. Stalin also made some social polices which helped him keep the USSR under control; most of these were harsh and brutal. For example, he arrested people if they had links to Trotsky, he sent workers to labour camps, and he would put people in show trials for making the slightest mistake. These were important because people lived in fear and this made him very powerful because it squashed any opposition. Other policies, however, made him popular because they improved the way people lived, for example he improved living conditions for people throughout the USSR and he made factories produce consumer goods. This made the public happy. Education and religion were also factors of Stalin’s social policies, children in schools were shown pictures of party leaders which they burned when a new person was arrested and churches were closed and the ‘League of Militant Atheists’ was set up. These were both ways of subduing the public into supporting Stalin, which kept him in power longer. Another factor that helped Stalin stay in power was the fact that he was a cult figure; everybody knew Stalin was the leader, whole buildings were covered in portraits of his face and almost everything was named after him. He had many other names such as ‘Man of Steel’, ‘Iron Soldier’ and Universal Genius’, which proved how much the public liked him. People at meetings applauded whenever his name was mentioned and films, poems, plays, stories and novels celebrated his life. It even seemed Stalin could improve some ones love life. This all was a very important factor, which helped Stalin stay in power because he was so popular. Stalin was able to succeed Lenin because he was a very clever politician and planned his rise to power very carefully. He made sure he was close to Lenin so that he was popular with the people. He used the positions of power that he held very shrewdly by making sure that anyone who opposed him lost their job and putting in their place people who would support him. He was very ruthless and played those who opposed him, such as Trotsky and Bukharin, off against one another. Once in power he ruled by fear by controlling the people so that they would be too afraid to oppose him. He used the secret police to crush any opposition. He remained popular with the people by developing the ‘Cult of the Personality’; history was rewritten so that Lenin and Stalin were the only heroes of the Revolution. He used propaganda to good effect especially in Education. Portraits, photographs and statues of Stalin were everywhere and everything was done to promote Stalin from street names to poems about him or music composed praising him. Religious worship was banned, as he did not want the people to have any loyalty other than to him. Stalin had control of everything, from the economy to the mass media and freedom of speech was denied to Soviet citizens. So it was by these means that Stalin was able to take power and hold on to it after Lenin’s death. Bibliography: My Coursework Book Modern World History Text Book

Accent And Dialect

Accent And Dialect Accent And Dialect Accent And Dialect By Sharon Most people think of an accent as something that other people have. In some cases, they speak disparagingly about one accent compared with another. The truth is that everyone has an accent, because an accent is simply a way of pronouncing words. The reason that you can tell the difference between people from Boston and the Appalachians, or between London and Manchester is because each group of people has a different way of pronouncing the same words. In other words, accent is all about sound. When it comes to changes in vocabulary in different regions, then youre talking about dialect. Dialect refers to differences in accent, grammar and vocabulary among different versions of a language. For example, depending on where you live in England, one type of baked goods could be called buns, cobs or rolls. It is likely that when you speak in the dialect of a particular region, you will also speak in the accent of a particular region. However, incomers may speak the dialect of a region with a different accent. This may also apply to people who have emigrated from one country to another. They may speak a different form of a language from those born in that country. So, what does all this have to do with writing? Its simple. Most written English is based on a dialect of English. The variety of English known as standard English uses a certain type of grammar and vocabulary which is taught to students of English all over the world. They may speak with a different accent, but the dialect is basically the same. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Redundant Phrases to AvoidTen Yiddish Expressions You Should KnowEmpathic or Empathetic?

Angle Between Two Vectors and Vector Scalar Product

Angle Between Two Vectors and Vector Scalar Product This is a worked example problem that shows how to find the angle between two vectors. The angle between vectors is used when finding the scalar product and vector product. The scalar product is also called the dot product or the inner product. Its found by finding the component of one vector in the same direction as the other and then multiplying it by the magnitude of the other vector. Vector Problem Find the angle between the two vectors: A 2i 3j 4kB i - 2j 3k Solution Write the components of each vector. Ax 2; Bx 1Ay 3; By -2Az 4; Bz 3 The scalar product of two vectors is given by: A Â · B A B cos ÃŽ ¸ |A||B| cos ÃŽ ¸ or by: A Â · B AxBx AyBy AzBz When you set the two equations equal and rearrange the terms you find: cos ÃŽ ¸ (AxBx AyBy AzBz) / AB For this problem: AxBx AyBy AzBz (2)(1) (3)(-2) (4)(3) 8 A (22 32 42)1/2 (29)1/2 B (12 (-2)2 32)1/2 (14)1/2 cos ÃŽ ¸ 8 / [(29)1/2 * (14)1/2] 0.397 ÃŽ ¸ 66.6Â °

Death of a Salesman Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Death of a Salesman - Essay Example (Aarnes, pp 87-89) The outward show of the Salesman Loman as the theme of moral investigation stirs the contemporary viewer at that alternately pleasurable and painful fringe of awareness that is the prefecture of tragedy. The performance of his suffering, fall, and fractional enlightenment, aggravates a mixed reaction: that annoyance and delight, resentment and compassion, pity and fear. A modern American playwright, Arthur Miller has penned a number of hugely acclaimed Broadway productions. After completing high school in 1932, Arthur set out to get a work so he could continue his studies. His initial job was at an automobile parts storehouse in Brooklyn. He went to work in a box factory that compensated him more money and permitted him to gain enough money to start collage. He registered into the University of Michigan and instantly started writing for the newspaper of college in 1934. Arthur Miller wrote his fist main writing, Honors at Dawn with the hopes to win the Avery Hopwood Award, from the University that he got. In 1938, he graduated from collage. His plays and books have effectively dealt with a plethora of issues ranging from family plights to political and moral predicaments in his plays. He has authored more than twenty famous plays listed subsequently. Willy told himse

How has Robot Technology improved emergency response and will this Research Paper

How has Robot Technology improved emergency response and will this technology impacts the future of search and rescue - Research Paper Example This paper will describe how robot technology has improved emergency response capabilities and how this technology will influence the future of emergency management, as well as search and rescue operations. In the modern world there is an imminent need for humanitarian operations ranging from small disasters to humanitarian tragedies. Some of these emergencies can be classified as natural disasters while others are human made or human induced. The typical emergency situation can also be a combination of any three of the elements listed above. In such situations, the general approach is to utilise search and rescue (SAR) teams and systems. It has to be kept in mind that the budgets being spent on emergency relief efforts especially for search and rescue efforts is increasing manifold every year. For example, the International Committee for the Red Cross (ICRC) spent some 958.7 million Swiss Francs in the year 2005 while it registered a 16% increase in its overall budget since 2000. This is comparable to the Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF) who saw a budgetary increase of 13% between the years 2000 and 2004 (Ko & Lau, 2009). With these budgetary increases it must also be seen that most sea rch and rescue efforts feature human beings trying to resolve situations that may be out of their control. With the rapid advances in technology especially robotics, it is ironic that most search and rescue operations still feature dogs on leashes guiding human handlers to save lives. The very nature of emergency response is precarious to say the least. The advances in technology have been unable to feature heavily in these scenarios except for the isolated use of positioning systems, communication systems and camera mounted probing systems. The dangerous nature of these operations requires scapegoats that can tread not only further but also faster into emergency areas. It has been suggested that the

Business and Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Business and Ethics - Essay Example By so doing you are going to create a new market for the products. This shows that a new market can be found in the same area where products similar to yours are being sold. In order for you to decide on what method to use in order to increase growth, you have to consider how your business is performing at the present time. If the performance is too low, that will be the best opportunity for you to use new markets to achieve growth. The next new market can be gotten by attracting people who have never used you products before through extensive marketing. In conclusion, it is possible to create a new market by seeking entry into the existing market by making modifications in the existing scenario. The new market can also be created by looking for places where there are needs that have never been met. A new market can be created in an environment where a given company has been enjoying monopoly for quite along time as monopolist companies tend to be negligent in many ways. There is a lot of controversy surrounding the issue of the compatibility of ethics and business. This is a very sticky issue, as both sides of the divide present strong cases.

Research report on substance related disorders

Research report on substance related disorders Substance use is a common factor world-wide throughout our social society. Substance related disorders are also on the rise due to its abusers. In todays world we witness thousands of people who pass away due to substance related disorders. Ask anybody in todays society if they know someone who has died, or has suffered severely due to any substance related use or abuse. Then ask them if that person who suffered a car accident or a short coma continues the substance use. Several who were asked, said yes to both. This is why our nations share this negative similarity worldwide. Millions of dollars are used in ways to clean-up and prevent substance users. Illegal substances are a major crisis that is shared all over the world. Treatments may vary among countries, but the enforcement of its illicit substance use is seen with the same urge of abolishing the trafficking and use. A substance user can be lead to the substance abuse, withdrawal, and even dependence. When referring to substance it refers to any natural or synthesized product that impairs psychoactive effects-it impairs behaviors, judgments, awareness, and emotions. (Susan Nolken-Hoekesma2008) Common symptoms that might give you an idea that someone you know may have a substance-related disorder according to the substance that is encapsulate by them is as follows below. In accordance to the substance alcohol, one may show signs of cognitive impairment, unable to walk straight, lack of motor skills, slurred speech. And depending on the mood or if depressed and depending on how much alcohol was consumed, depends on their change of behavior. For example, if a person were to start drinking due to work related stress or problems, that then will cause them to have a temperamental change to get physically and verbally aggressive. If a person were to drink passively and not consuming so much at once, may just cause relaxation, or even depression leading them to becoming sad and vulnerable. Alcohol withdrawal has its own set of symptoms such as rapid heart rate, trembling, and aggressiveness. When the body is being forced to stop a negatively daily routine the body starts to express the need and want of the substance, and is not able to function or focus without its intake on that certain substance its lacking. Alcohol withdrawal on the other hand can be a little scarier when chronic users of alcohol try to stop and have not consumed alcohol for a long time can have medical conditions as serious as hallucinations, or seizures. Alcohol although is a part of substance related disorders it contains different symptoms and treatments. Marijuana for instance is also a part of substance related disorders which contains its own set of symptoms. For example, dry mouth, feeling at a good state high, hallucinations, slowing down time and speech, and the desire for food. And as mentioned the ch ronic users are affected with stronger symptoms which may include psychiatric behaviors, red eyes, obsessed delusions, and neglecting others from society. Opioids is another subcategory of substance related disorders. Opioids are different sorts of pain medications such as morphine, heroin, codeine, and methadone. Females who get addicted to opioids, have a higher rate of serious risk factors. For example, if a female is addicted to crack she will possibly have sex for drugs which will then increase her possibilities of becoming pregnant. If the female is then dependent of sex for drugs during her pregnancy the use of crack and heroin affects the baby before it is even born because they cross the placental barrier. As a result the babies who have taken crack through their mothers stomach they now have to go through the withdrawal stage right after birth, and may cause low birth weight babies due to the lack of maternal care. After abusing opioids, drugs symptoms may include; constri ction of pupils, behavioral changes, drowsiness, having a hard time focusing, and illusions. Overdosing on opioids may also cause seizures, and can even be life threatening or eventually lead to death. Withdrawal from opioids includes its own classification of withdrawal symptoms which include; nausea, vomiting, sweating, fever, insomnia, diarrhea, dilation of pupils, and contraction of the stomach muscle. According to research, a person who abuses or are dependent on the substance can respond differently psychologically and physiologically to substances compared to those who were not dependent or abusive to the substances. Age also may vary. The age of the user may affect them on a many different of ways among similar symptoms and side effects. Children, who may possibly be substance users, will be affected by growth effects. Not just growth, but motor skill development and cognitive development. Dreadful to say, but the innocent neonates, who have been fed by their drug/alcohol addicted mother have it the worse.FAS (Fetal Alcohol Syndrome) are babies of mothers who consumed heavily on alcohol while being pregnant. Sadly to say the children are affected by growth delay, mental retarded, facial deformation, and damage to the central nervous system, heat defects, skeletal abnormalities, and sadly many more abnormalities. There are also the crack babies the term comes from mothers who ar e addicted to crack and alcohol and other drugs while pregnant. The unfortunate neonates are clearly born addicted to the mothers entire intake of crack and other substances that were consumed, therefore are always crying. They are born prematurely, with small size heads compared to an infants sized head. The neonates also do not like to be touched or carried and have a difficult time bounding. They rate low on the APGAR scale, which consist of a test that measures their heart rate, complexion, muscle tone, reflex, and their breathing. Many of their organs are already destroyed and have a poor nervous system. Symptoms and dysfunctions only get worse with age. Needless to say fatality is also common among crack babies. Teenagers and young adolescents also have a dark substance abuse pathway. Many teenagers and young adults get together and gather their prescription drugs, such as Valium, Xanax, or Klonopin and either trade and or mix them as if they were baseball cards to produce euphoria feelings, and or to relax. The bring your own drugs parties become more frequent creating them dependent on the drugs to keep them less agitated and in a euphoria state of mind. This usually happens when young adolescents are already dependent on other substances such as alcohol or even cocaine. Another common negative trail that is followed by the teenage substance abusers is known as the club drugs club drugs are legendary known to be popular at rave clubs for young adults. Taking into consideration the rave clubs atmosphere these club drugs takes after its affect of hallucinogenic to the different neon colored lights, rave music and crowds of people; then can cause paranoia in a raving crowd. A major health fea r of rave clubs is dehydration due to the large crowds of clustered people in one large room. The category club drugs include; Ecstasy, GHB also known as a date rape drug, Ketamine, and Rohypnol also known as a roofies. Substance users who utilize ecstasy carry the affects of hallucinations, finely tuned energy, teeth grinding, and become very affectionate with others. It can also contain harmful effects on cognition. Chronic users who have been dependent are affected more rigorously such as cardiac problems and liver failure, increased rates of anxiety, and psychotic symptoms. GHB (gamma-hydroxybutyrate) its popular use is to relieve anxiety and help relax. Its destruction of side of effects includes; high blood pressure, liver tumors, violent and aggressive behavior lowering pulse rate, and lack of reflex. Ketamine, also known as the street name kit kat is known for the cause of hallucinogenic effects, and being high its side effects include; loss of coordination, aggressive or vi olent behavior, blocked speech, an empty gaze, and exaggerated sense of strength. Heavily chronic users although have more dangerous effects such as, oxygen starvation of the brain and muscles, and even death. Lastly the substance acknowledged as the roofies is also known as the date rape drug. Roofies have sedative and hypnotic effects, as well as a high, blackouts, and confusion. The side effects of the date rape drug contain muscle pain and seizures. It can even cause death if mixed with alcohol or the depressant substance. Once a person starts to show the mentioned symptoms, they can be taken for an evaluation. There are 4 types of behavioral categories to test whether a person would be diagnosed with substance abuse. Any one of the four behavioral types must occur repeatedly during a one year time frame. The first category consists of the inability to perform toward the importance of a social priority such as home, work, or school due to the substance intake. The second category consists of knowing the physical harm it may bestow upon them, but will still use the substance repeatedly. The third category that may be diagnosed as a substance abuse is, getting involved numerous times as a consequence of the utilizing the substance. The last behavioral test deals with the abuse interfering continually with problems socially, professionally, and legally as an outcome of the use. Diagnosis of substance abuse and its treatment is only decided by a physician and or psychiatrist. Substance abuse is usually first seen in young adolescents and in college students. According to research, the average age of substance related disorder is 15-54 years old. A new research is starting to show that a substance such as drugs is not developing the same in females as in males in form of legal substances to illegal substances. Studies show that more women are cigarette smokers than men, and men are larger consumers of alcohol than women. In regards to illegal substances women experiment with cocaine more than men to use for intimate relationships. Men on the order hand are more prone for drug trafficking than women. Women who become substance abusers tend to have their life a bit more negatively complicated. For instance, women initiate childhood fears, anxiety, and failed relationships. Studies also show that 70% of female substance related abusers have been sexually abused or raped in their past history, and 32% of those women were pregnant before or at 18 years old. The refore, women with substance related disorders show more vulnerability, and carry a higher risk of obtaining posttraumatic stress disorder compared to men. Women can also affect their baby if pregnant while being under the influence of illegal substances. A main concern of substance use while being pregnant is very hazardous, that could lead to a miscarriage, low birth weight, newborns with smaller head size than healthy newborns, or even a child born with AIDS due to a mother injecting herself with used needles or maternal sex with a drug user. Substance related disorders do have treatment options available. There are also new preventive groups forming due to the intensity of encouraging the education of negative and life threatening affects of substances related use and abuse. AA groups are also a very helpful growing treatment option that has been available since1935. Alcohol Anonymous is a self-help group based on a disease model, which is one of the most common forms interventions for the alcohol substance abuse. Another form of group intervention is known as the harm-reduction model. The hard-reduction model which creates their focal point on how they got started on substance use and how they can control the substance use through behavioral and cognitive interventions. (Abnormal Book) When people start to withdrawal from substance there are therapies merged with comprehensive substance treatment programs that are used to help them through the process. Medications are also used to help someone diminish the need of subst ance use. Medications such as anti-anxiety, anti-depressants, and antagonists are all used to help eliminate substance related disorders. There are also numerous behavioral techniques that are used to eliminate substance use. For example, encourage the person to stop the drug intake, and trying to find something to replace the substance whenever its craved, and learning how to manage to stay away from the desire of the substance. Other therapies include, aversive classical conditioning, covert sensitization therapy, and cue exposure and response prevention. The NIDA (National Institute on Drug Abuse) created a neuroimaging technique that enables them to look into the brain of conscious and behaving individuals to see the reflective effects that negatively impact the brain. NIDA is also in the process of creating a new medication and is currently in the testing development for the new drug. NIDAs new medication that is currently in its testing stage is intended for heroin addiction, buprenorphine and buprenorphine combined with naloxone. NIDA is also working on new prevention treatment programs with their latest technology and discoveries involving the neuroimaging technique. Like all disorders, each has its own set of prognosis upon each type. Substance-related disorder prognosis is determined by numerous factors per individual and their situation. For example determining which substance is used, how many being used, the reason of abuse, personal vulnerability, socioeconomic status, social support, any sort of psychiatric disorder history, and duration of abuse. Common prognoses for people who are drug abusers include an antisocial life, and frequent factors of death such as accidental overdose, car accidents, and HIV. There is about a 10-15% morality death rate between 10 years for opioids user. Cocaine users on the other hand have a higher success rate of withdrawal treatment. Due to the fact that cocaine is a heavy substance to obtain and many adolescents give it up at some point in time. However having a greater chance of substance withdrawal is only possible with seeking medical treatment and committing to a therapy treatment, or a support group. People with substance related disorders do get very aggressive and will go out their ways for drugs. Working at a pharmacy, gives a little more perspective and an inside look at how much and how far substance abusers will go. Many will pay whatever high and over priced narcotic medication just to get the drugs. Many will even start a fight if not given a drug, or invent false counterfeit stories every week of how 120 tablets of vicodin were gone in a 10 day period. Is there a difference between the word addict when it applies to complete different objects? How about when one craves this one thing, and must have a little of it every single day? When one is constantly thinking of that one crave that will not go away until the desire is fed, even though you know the damage it will do to you. This then brings me to a conclusion that I have an addiction, an addiction for sweets. Reading and investigating substance related disorders brings an understanding state of mind towards those with substance related disorders and its difficulty of withdrawal. Even though you may know the harm that its affecting when you fed the crave for that addiction sometimes feels worth it, until you look at yourself in the mirror and realize all the harm it has done to you and your body. Nevertheless, sweets and substance related disorders are complete opposite and are not close to even compare against. The point is after engaging and relating to my research to the smalle st way, it can be done especially when it comes to the circumstances of becoming a life and death situation. When it becomes a situation thats where the difference of addict is. There is a way to prevent drug abusers behavior and different ways to treat drug addictions. Straussner, S. L. A. (2001). Ethnocultural factors in substance abuse treatment. New York: Guilford Press. Title Teen drug abuse / Pamela Willwerth Aue, book editor. Alt Author Aue, Pamela Willwerth. Pub Info Detroit : Thomson/Gale, c2006. National Clearinghouse for Drug Abuse Information., United States. (1900). Drug abuse prevention report. Rockville, Md: National Clearinghouse for Drug Abuse Information. National Institute of Mental Health (U.S.)., United States., United States., United States. (1973). Alcohol, drug abuse, mental health, research grant awards. Rockville, Md: U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Public Health Service, Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration, National Institute of Mental Health. BioMed Central Ltd. (2006). Substance abuse treatment, prevention and policy. London: BioMed Central.

Software Patents, Copyright, and Piracy Issues in India Essay -- Compu

Software Patents, Copyright, and Piracy Issues in India Introduction India has developed enormously in the field of science and technology. Information Technology has been one of the fastest growing sectors in the country and a major contributor to the economy. India's economy has boomed over the past decade due to Government's initiates. With it vast pool of educated population and its leading presence in the Software arena India is fast becoming a knowledge hub. This paper gives an overview of Patent, copyright and Cyber laws, software piracy issues, and analyses the economic benefits of reducing piracy and the ethical issues of piracy. Overview of Patent, Copyright and Cyber Laws The protection regarding Intellectual Property Rights differs from country to country. Beginning with GATT, WTO and TRIPS (Trade Related Intellectual Property Rights) the economic focus of International trade and global policy has progressively moved from the tariff protection of goods to "Protection of Intellectual Property". The Protection of Intellectual Property Rights in India is a movement that is continuing to gain strength. There is a well established Statutory, administrative and Judicial Framework to safeguard Intellectual Property rights in India. India has enacted several legislation's and drafted amendments to several existing legislation's in order to fulfill the obligations imposed on it by TRIPS. Patent Laws: Patent rights give the owner the exclusive right to make the invention, use the invention, sell the invention and distribute the invention. These exclusive rights are obtained after the grant of the Patent by Registrar of Patents. In India the law governing Patents is the Patent Act, 1970("the Patents Act"). Th... ...ate people to buy legitimate software. Conclusion India has strict Intellectual property laws and Information Technology sector is one of the major contributors to the country's economic development. Therefore reducing software piracy will have a significant impact on the economic growth. Piracy can be curbed by a combination of raids, litigation, and educating users about the advantages of using legal software, the problems associated with copied software and legal penalties etc., Also global piracy cannot be won without addressing the draconian pricing policies of software proportionate to per capita by the software publishers. References [1] www.nasscom.org [2] Pavan Duggal, http://cyberlaws.net/cyberindia [3] Software Piracy: Understanding the larger picture - Express Computer , http://www.expresscomputeronline.com/20030721/indtrend1.shtml

Hong Kong Jockey Club

1. The HK Jockey Club’s stakeholders are as follows: (1)The government. The HK Jockey Club, as a large single taxpayer, could contribute to the government’s fiscal revenue. (2)Hong Kong charities. The HK Jockey Club gives annual donations on which many Hong Kong charities depend. (3)The citizens of Hong Kong. The HK Jockey Club would allocate operational surpluses to support the social and civic needs related to the community services, education, medical and health. (4)The employees. The state of business of HK Jockey Club would affect the wellbeing and the salary of the employees. 5)The customers and the club members. The actions taken by the HK Jockey Club could influence or be influenced by the racing and betting public, the lottery players and the club members. 2. The challenges faced by the HK Jockey Club as it engages in CSR initiatives are as follows: (1)The HK Jockey Club regularly consults the government about the community needs when deciding the distribution of the donations; however, the Club sometimes receives the criticism for the allocation of donations. 2)How the HK Jockey Club expands its gaming business on Mainland China without violating the Chinese law in terms of gambling. (3)How to make use of the launch of an Individual Visit Scheme and the recovery of the economy in HK to upturn the betting turnover proportionately. (4)Although the move of legalizing football betting could reduce illegal bookmakers, increase the tax revenue and advance charitable funds, it potentially encourages gambling among youth. The operation of football betting may cause problem and pathological gambling. 5)The public does not well recognize the status of the Jockey Club as not-for profit. People are not aware of the charitable investments conducted by the HK Jockey Club 3. (1)The Jockey Club should conduct several researches before the enhancing of the racing product or the regulatory change. Specifically, the Jockey Club could survey the public opin ion toward the plan and consult the government, the club members and the employees to evaluate the plan feasibility. In addition, the Jockey Club could compare its situation with that of other countries that encounter with similar issues to assess the ethical mplications. (2)The Jockey Club should stop the plan or transform the marketing strategy if it does not comply with the domestic or foreign legislation. The Jockey Club should not only uphold the rule of law in Hong Kong, but also respect the legislations in other countries. Moreover, the Jockey Club should provide sufficient education for the public especially the youth about the improvement of the racing product to avoid problem and pathological gambling. Furthermore, the Jockey Club could cooperate with the government to raise the public vigilance of the illegal or unauthorized gambling.

Exteriority and reliable Essay

Emotions are plucked but there is an almost neurotic and compulsive intentionality behind Tristan which seeks out order in some area of spacious mystery and an almost awesome integrity. As juries have long known that beliefs derived from feelings or sentiment do not in many instances align with what is best supported on rational or scientific foundations of consensus. One’s epistemology of truth and falsehood becomes very much confused and ambiguously mixed that a dazed submission often results which is eminently forgetful as it satisfies promptings of a Freudian libido. Instead of being so concerned with exteriority and reliable or even useful reference modern compositions like Wagner’s Tristan advance possibilities of shielding the ego from the sadistic damage it does to itself by acknowledging the strong and permanent tendency of the ego to seek out satisfying ends and products whenever possible. Even if such things may be mere scatterings of imagined delusions and derived fantasies. Wagner is involved very much with refashioning the world through his conceptual and audible art. Instead of adhering to the World he attempts to exert artistic agency in changing such a world. There is a Marxian spirit behind Wagner as it resolves the problem presented by the issue of construction by thoroughly embracing dilemmas of construction and seeking to master it so that a sense of adequacy can be sustained in a way that is far too perfect. As it is far too perfect is far from simply adequate but is at times quite sublimely pristine in its ability to deliver a kind of pleasurable release and warm gratification that exhibits much to be desired. Nature becomes a warm, maternal figure that pleases infinitely and conjures up procedural joys and swift absolutions of intoxication. The unity once ascribed to the natural is exploited by Wagner’s romantic sensibility as his art achieves a kind of sanctioned sacredness so much so that Coleridge thoroughly condemned attempts to betray such art by dividing it. When Robert Morgan writes of Tristan he points out that â€Å"the Prelude is in constant transformation-always evolving, as if reaching after some unattainable goal, striving at every moment to become something other than it is. Conventional formal analysis appears to be of little value. Focused upon thematic and tonal correspondences, its aim to articulate musical events into discrete segments, distinguishing them by content and function (expository, developmental, etc. ) and organizing them into larger, balanced architectonic patterns, seems antithetical to the very nature of the score. †(69) As the score seems to constantly evolving as it is constantly compromising its layered developments with enticements of harmony and resolution, it’s dangerous to classify Tristan as a case of perpetual striving. Although Morgan asserts that â€Å"Tristan,† does little to offer anything â€Å"in the way of confirmation, reconciliation, or balance,† and instead â€Å"appears to chart a unique and seemingly wayward course,† because he does engage formal analysis as an explanatory instrument quite well it is evidently not true that â€Å"Tristan† is really so individuated or idiosyncratic that it resists formalizations or even more modest theorizations. (69) As Morgan notes in his formal analysis, there is a centripetal aspect to Wagner’s â€Å"Tristan† where, retaining â€Å"the circular image, cycle 1 traces the circle’s complete circumference, while cycles 2-7 loop back and retrace continuous portions of it. Especially notable is the highly self-reflexive nature of the process: this is music that feeds upon itself, reusing the same structural units again and again. †(76) Consequently, there are potentially rewarding and influential interpretation possibilities that can be formalized in a sociological sense, on interconnections between yielding and possessing structural units that are spatially bound and engaged only so much as they are formulated in a kind of imposed fixity. What formalism is grounded on it is a firm belief in universals, not in the mechanics that exist as conventions but are so only because people believe enough to follow by them to create a technical and adequate language within a language for the task at hand. Morgan, by insisting on relatively narrow avenues of evaluation and fixing his acceptance or dismissal on the conventional rather than the essential is really being unfair to the very tendency towards taking tradition serious and believing very much in universals that allow for stimulating simultaneous dialogue between time, space, class, and culture.